What occurs in a short circuit?

In the context of electrical circuits, a short circuit occurs when the electric current takes a path of lower resistance than intended. This typically happens when there is an unintentional connection that bypasses part of the circuit, creating a shortcut. As a result, the current can flow more freely, often leading to excessive current that can cause overheating, damage to components, or even fire hazards.

When the current takes this shorter path, it can lead to a rapid increase in current flow, which is characteristic of a short circuit. The appropriate functioning of the circuit is compromised, as the current no longer flows through the designated load or components that are meant to utilize the electrical energy. Understanding this concept is vital in troubleshooting electrical issues and ensuring circuit safety.