What effect do flaps and slats have on lift and drag?

Flaps and slats are aerodynamic devices that play a significant role in the performance of an aircraft during different phases of flight, particularly during takeoff and landing. They are designed to change the shape of the airfoil, which enhances the lift generated by the wings.

When deployed, flaps extend and increase the curvature of the wing, which helps to increase the angle of attack. This modification enables the wing to generate more lift at slower speeds, allowing the aircraft to become airborne sooner and to land safely at lower speeds without stalling. Slats, on the other hand, typically extend forward on the leading edge of the wing and help to maintain airflow over the wing at higher angles of attack, further enhancing lift.

Although the deployment of flaps and slats does increase drag due to the added surface area and turbulence, their primary function is to provide greater lift. This is crucial for maintaining control during critical flight phases such as takeoff and landing, where lift must be maximized to ensure safety and performance. Thus, the correct answer highlights the important role that flaps and slats play in increasing lift by modifying the shape of the airfoil.